New insight to the oxidation kinetics of silicon-containing steel at high temperature

This study investigated the oxidation kinetics of silicon-containing steel at 1150–1300 °C using a Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer under atmospheric conditions similar to that of an industry reheating furnace. There is a critical time point for the oxidation kinetics at an oxygen concentration of 4·0 vol.-%., following which the oxidation rate constant increases with the increasing oxidation temperature. The model coefficient A in the kinetic oxidation equation was found to be constant. However, before the critical time point, the oxidation rate constant remained unchanged; the model coefficient A decreased with the increasing temperature. Therefore, the kinetic model of silicon-containing steel for isothermal oxidation was observed to be a modified one on the basis of the experimental data. In addition, the critical time point was prolonged with the increasing isothermal oxidation temperature. Moreover, the oxidation activation energy of the tested silicon-containing steel was 366·16 kJ mol^?1.     

Unsteady natural convection magnetohydrodynamic stagnation point flow with assisting and opposing characteristics: Buongiorno model

In this investigation, the flow of an unsteady mixed convection boundary layer viscous nanofluid on a stretchable sheet is considered. The flow examination is affected by a magnetic field. The reason for the examination exhibited is to create models for nanomaterials that incorporate the Brownian movement and thermophoresis phenomena. The created nonlinear standard differential condition is illuminated numerically utilizing the Runge-Kutta-Gill technique and the start program. The different factors of speed, temperature, and concentration are reported and discussed. The examination shows that the speed, temperature, and concentration are lower in contrast with the consistent stream on account of an assisting flow, whereas the opposite situation is noticed in the opposing flow case. The effects of Brownian movement and thermophoresis in the concentration case are totally different.     

Design of delayed reconfigurable manufacturing system based on part family grouping and machine selection

To improve the convertibility of reconfigurable manufacturing system (RMS), the concept of delayed reconfigurable manufacturing system (D-RMS) was proposed. RMS and D-RMS are both constructed around part family. However, D-RMS may suffer from ultra-long system problem with unacceptable idle machines using generic RMS part families. Besides, considering the complex basic system structure of D-RMS, machine selection of D-RMS should be addressed, including dedicated machine, flexible machine, and reconfigurable machine. Therefore, a system design method for D-RMS based on part family grouping and machine selection is proposed. Firstly, a part family grouping method is proposed for D-RMS that groups the parts with more former common operations into the same part family. The concept of longest relative position common operation subsequence (LPCS) is proposed. The similarity coefficient among the parts is calculated based on LPCS. The reciprocal value of the operation position of LPCS is adopted as the characteristic value. The average linkage clustering (ALC) algorithm is used to cluster the parts. Secondly, a machine selection method is proposed to complete the system design of D-RMS, including machine selection rules and the dividing point decision model. Finally, a case study is given to implement and verify the proposed system design method for D-RMS. The results show that the proposed system design method is effective, which can group parts with more former common operations into the same part family and select appropriate machine types.     

GaN中质子辐照损伤的分子动力学模拟研究

本文利用分子动力学方法研究了GaN在质子辐照下的损伤。对不同能量（1~10 keV）初级离位原子（PKA）引起的级联碰撞进行了研究，分析了点缺陷与PKA能量的关系、点缺陷随时间的演化规律、点缺陷的空间分布及点缺陷团簇的尺寸特征。研究结果表明，点缺陷的产生与PKA能量呈线性关系，不同类型的点缺陷随时间演化规律相似，点缺陷多产生在PKA径迹旁，点缺陷团簇多为孤立的点缺陷和小团簇。     

Field‐based robotic phenotyping of sorghum plant architecture using stereo vision

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is known as a major feedstock for biofuel production. To improve its biomass yield through genetic research, manually measuring yield component traits (e.g. plant height, stem diameter, leaf angle, leaf area, leaf number, and panicle size) in the field is the current best practice. However, such laborious and time‐consuming tasks have become a bottleneck limiting experiment scale and data acquisition frequency. This paper presents a high‐throughput field‐based robotic phenotyping system which performed side‐view stereo imaging for dense sorghum plants with a wide range of plant heights throughout the growing season. Our study demonstrated the suitability of stereo vision for field‐based three‐dimensional plant phenotyping when recent advances in stereo matching algorithms were incorporated. A robust data processing pipeline was developed to quantify the variations or morphological traits in plant architecture, which included plot‐based plant height, plot‐based plant width, convex hull volume, plant surface area, and stem diameter (semiautomated). These image‐derived measurements were highly repeatable and showed high correlations with the in‐field manual measurements. Meanwhile, manually collecting the same traits required a large amount of manpower and time compared to the robotic system. The results demonstrated that the proposed system could be a promising tool for large‐scale field‐based high‐throughput plant phenotyping of bioenergy crops.     

喷气燃料冰点试验出现悬浮物的探讨

某公司加氢裂化装置生产的喷气燃料在冰点试验时发现了悬浮物，并且悬浮物在回温过程中消失。虽然通过调整原料中催化裂化柴油（简称催化柴油）、外购原料、常三线柴油的掺炼情况，减少原料中芳烃及正构烷烃的含量，但是在冰点试验时依然发现了悬浮物；其次，通过调整反应深度和分馏塔分离效果（喷气燃料馏程），以及对影响喷气燃料质量的其他因素进行排查，仍然未找到出现悬浮物的原因；最后通过化验分析方法排查发现，在干燥环境（没有湿空气的影响）下进行喷气燃料冰点试验时，可以避免产生絮状物，说明空气中的水是喷气燃料冰点试验中产生絮状物的直接原因。因此，在进行喷气燃料冰点试验时要采取措施隔绝水分。     

Co-C共晶点研制及评价

根据国际温度咨询委员会辐射测温工作组(CCT-WG5)对世界各国计量机构开展Co-C共晶点研制工作的相关要求,设计并搭建了Co-C共晶点灌注系统,采用直接共晶法成功灌注了满足复现实验要求的Co-C共晶点坩埚。针对直接共晶灌注法效率低、坩埚破裂风险大的缺陷,提出了对灌注方法的改进方案,并依据该方案成功灌注了2个Co-C共晶点坩埚。对灌注的Co-C-2#共晶点进行了复现试验,结果显示:拐点温度的不确定度为5.3 mK,满足小于10 mK的CCT要求;短期重复性为9.6 mK,满足小于20 mK的CCT要求。     

渤海湾盆地沙垒田地区新近纪走滑断裂发育特征及其对油气富集的控制作用

沙垒田凸起地区是渤海海域西部新近系油气最为富集的区域，为了明确新近系走滑断裂发育特征及对油气富集的控制作用，依托连片高精度三维地震、钻井取心等资料，对走滑断裂类型及发育特征进行了详细刻画，并对走滑断裂与成藏要素之间的关系进行了探讨。综合研究表明：研究区发育断穿基底走滑断裂、盖层走滑断裂及伸展-走滑断裂三种不同类型走滑断裂；走滑断裂对圈闭的控制作用表现为在不同类型走滑断裂控制下，断裂带内及断裂带间形成了多种类型圈闭，其中大型披覆背斜圈闭、断鼻、断背斜圈闭为有利圈闭，小型断块圈闭为不利圈闭；走滑断裂对输导体系的控制作用体现在断裂活动控制了骨架砂体输导体系及断裂输导体系的形成发育，有利于周边凹陷成熟烃源岩排烃及运移输导；走滑断裂对储层的控制作用表现为走滑作用形成的高角度裂缝提高了储层渗透率，改善了储层物性。新近纪普遍发育的走滑断裂是研究区油气富集的主控因素。     

Highly Bendable and Rotational Textile Structure with Prestrained Conductive Sewing Pattern for Human Joint Monitoring

Human joints have respective ranges of motion and joint forces corresponding to each kind of joint; this necessitates considerations of the characteristics of human joints to fabricate wearable strain sensors conformable to the human body, and capable of precisely monitoring complex motions of the human body. In the present study, the “all textile‐based highly stretchable structure” that is capable of precisely sensing motions (folding and rotation) of the human joints (finger, wrist, elbow, spine, and knee) is fabricated by optimizing patterns (straight, blind, and zigzag) of conductive yarns employed as the conductive part of the strain sensor, and several textile substrates (braided elastic fabric, knit fabric, and woven fabric), having preferable elasticity and conformability employed for the fabrication of strain sensors suitable for human joints. In particular, the technology, enabling the prestraining of textile substrate, is exploited to fabricate a strain sensor that is capable of outputting selective signals corresponding to the folding motion of the spinal joint over a predetermined angle of motion, and the gait pattern of the wearer of the sensor, attached to his or her knee joint doing folding and rotational motions, is analyzed.